Louis Braille was born on 4th January 1809 in the small village Coupvray 32 km east of Paris. Since early childhood the nature a beloved character and nimble mind, and his father believed that after the departure of older children from the family takes over after him Louis saddler work.

Barely three and a half years has passed since the birth of Louis, when he came unforeseen calamity: when he played in the workshop of his father, hurt the island tool right eye and caused a sudden bleeding. In those times did not have strong antibiotic medicine and antiseptic, which is now used, and despite the care that is paid to the child, the infection soon spread to the second eye, and Louis total loss of vision.

Louis was constantly surrounded by love, all family members, who patiently and accurately describing the surroundings, learn to know him through the sense of smell or touch objects, people, plants and animals.

L. Braille became students of National Institute for young blind in Paris in 1819. The then director of the Institute Dr. Pignier the Braille writes: "He was gifted large capacity, high intelligence and the main advantages of thinking. Its progress and achievements in the study will soon be distinguished from other students." It added that the manual was very skillful. After all, did not grow vain in his father's workshop, which, despite the incident with the knife was his bonniest place in the house. He was also musically gifted. Pignier maintain a list of rewards and admire that Braille received from 1820 through 1828. We there his name was among the first students in extricate chairs, in the manufacture of household slippers scissel skirts, in the grammar, the history, the geography, etc.. In this calculation teaching diverse subjects us perhaps not surprising versatility Braillovích skills rather than to what the students learn the Paris Institute.

To that of their fellow Braille really excelled, and shows that he has been entrusted to assist in their teaching. So since 1823, when the Braille 14 years, was assistant master in the workshop for the manufacture of slippers. From 1827 to 1828 he was entrusted to a group of students for teaching liter. In 1828 he was appointed as an assistant teacher - korepetitor, as if talking. Status korepetitor be little different from that of the pupil. Korepetitors sleeping with students in the dormitory and ate with them at a common table. When the guilty can be punished pupils as house arrest and beatings. If you do deserve to get considered by the Director of the monthly remuneration up to 8 francs.

When you become a real teacher Braille Institute, even then his position did not change much. The salary was increased from 8 to 25 francs a month. For him, the Constitutional uniform strong gold stripes. Taught French grammar, algebra and arithmetic, and playing the piano and cello. Teachers became the year 1830. In 1835, to him the first time discovered serious symptoms of tuberculosis. Because it is found that the other members of his family suffered from this disease, law can be assumed that this was caused by poor health conditions in the constitution. In 1840, his health condition deteriorated so much that it had released from literného teaching it more toiled and he had left the teaching of music. Year 1844 was totally deprived of teaching responsibilities. From 1847 to 1850 again in part to teach. The 4th night to 5 December 1851 to appear with him vomit blood is much greater than all previous. The reason seems to have been somewhat neglected colds. From that day has not left the bed. Around Christmas there was some improvement in his health, but after the new year has been a rapid deterioration. Braille was aware beznádejnosti his health, but to bear it quietly. On 6 January morning was still speaking with your friends. Noon, however, there was a rapid deterioration in the fourth hour of falling into agony. About 19.30. the same day he died. Funeral held at his birthplace on 10 January.

In 1952 on the occasion of the anniversary of his death stého braille remains were solemnly transported to Paris and deposited in the Pantheon, next to the greatest men and women of France.

It appears that the Directorate of the Paris Institute of awareness of who loses in Braille. Was removed by death mask sculptor and Joffron it braille marble sculpture of the bust, which was unveiled in May 1853 in the lobby the National Institute. Braille was later built a memorial in his birthplace and his birth house was renamed the Museum of braille.

Law developments are also valid for Brailla. Its alphabet was not immediately in its final, present form. Braille created his system has already in 1825, but was released to the press in 1829. It was a 32 - page booklet, printed in Roman characters embossing. The title: "Method of Writing Words, not a temple singing through the use of the blind, for whom it created the Louis Braille, korepetitor Royal Institute for young blind." Here printed alphabet is composed of nine groups of ten characters, and six additional characters. Braille states that Scripture says bodkovadlom on a wooden table taken from Barber. Not, however, as I write smooth lines. In museums V. Hauya in Paris are maintained two books printed in this alphabet.

Braille alphabet in its present form brings the second braille booklet in 1835. Lines no longer used and the numerals and punctuation are already present form. In this brochure are the foundations of today's braille notepad.

The winning track braille are three stages:
- Winning the National Institute for young blind,
- winning in Europe and
- expansion around the world.

In 1830 it was allowed to use Braille in the National Institute for written work and school in 1837 appeared the first book printed in this font - three-volumes history of France. In 1840 leaves the Department Director and his successor Pignier Dufay Braille very grudge. For Dufaua be printed Braille music only. The promotion of Braille abroad is very deserving Dufauov successor Gaudet in his tyflologickom journal, which was widespread throughout Europe.

In Germany, it took a full 40 years before there braille won. It was in 1879. The introduction of Braille in the UK pushed eyeless doctor Dr. Armitage in 1870, which created the first abbreviation font in Braille.

The final victory was decisive Braille International Congress for improving the fate of the blind and hluchonemých in Paris in 1878, which dismissed all the other characters, and stood for the unity of braille alphabet in the world.

Into Czech institutions for the blind to reach braille in the seventies of last century, through the German. It is accepted reluctantly. Czech adaptation braille alphabet, which is still used today, has created a teacher from Little Kolárovo Institute. Then, each institution pressed his book. The first Slovak Braille textbooks were printed in about 1923 in Brno.

At the time Louis Braille lived, owing to the blind throughout the world for the creation of an ingenious system tactile point font, and the mali we Slovakia blind national revivalist Matej Hrebenda the fact that the Slovak villages and towns sold between gregarious people Slovak books and calendars undertake a great deal cultural-further and national-aware work. This worthwhile work Hrebendu Mateja praised poet Jan Kollár, author of Fame daughters, whose Hrebenda visited Pest 24th May the year 1834. Kollár memorial to him when he wrote:

"Oh, sighted by many Slovaks were like this blind love for the nation and the knowledge of the parent speech."

Four years later he visited Hrebenda writer Karol Kuzmányho in Banska Bystrica, who praised the work of forming Hrebend's words written in his memorial:

"There can blind lead the blind, the blind, however, a good leader has many visible."

Living Matej Hrebenda and worthwhile work of good people, very interesting Czech writer Ľudo Zubek described in the book in the service Matej Hrebendu. This book was published in the printing in Braille for the blind in Levoca in 1951 as one of the first book printed in this printer.